What are the emergency measures when debugging the power distribution cabinet?

During the commissioning of power distribution cabinet, you may face emergency situations such as electric shock, fire and equipment failure, so it is necessary to formulate targeted emergency treatment measures to ensure rapid response and reduce losses. Starting from the types of common accidents, the following details the emergency procedures and operation points:

First, emergency treatment of electric shock accidents

1. Emergency power failure

Cut off the power immediately: use insulating tools (such as dry wooden sticks and insulating rods) to quickly unplug the power cord or press the nearest emergency stop switch. If the power cannot be cut off directly, immediately notify the power distribution room to cut off the superior power supply.

Precautions:

The rescuer should wear insulating gloves and shoes to avoid electric shock.

If the power switch is far away, the electric shock victim can be separated from the charged equipment with insulated ropes (touching the body of the electric shock victim is prohibited).

2. First aid on site

Judging consciousness and breathing:

If the person who gets an electric shock is awake, move to a ventilated place to rest, check for burns or fractures, and avoid strenuous exercise.

If you are unconscious and not breathing, immediately perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR):

Untie the collar and belt, clean the foreign body in the mouth, and keep the airway unobstructed.

Chest compressions: The frequency is 100-120 times/minute, and the depth is 5-6 cm. After 30 compressions, give 2 artificial breaths, and repeat until the professional rescuers arrive.

Call emergency number: call 120 at the same time to explain the electric shock location, voltage level and on-site emergency situation, and send someone to guide the ambulance at the intersection.

3. Follow-up treatment

Check the equipment and lines contacted by the electric shock person, confirm the fault point and list it for isolation to avoid secondary accidents.

Record the details of the accident (time, place and reason) and cooperate with the security department to investigate.

Second, the electrical fire emergency treatment

1. Initial fire fighting (when the fire is controllable)

Power failure priority:

Immediately cut off the superior power supply of the power distribution cabinet. If the power cannot be cut off, use a dry powder fire extinguisher or a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher (water or foam extinguisher is prohibited to prevent electric shock).

When extinguishing the fire, the nozzle of the fire extinguisher should be 1-2 meters away from the fire source, aiming at the root of the flame to avoid direct spraying of live components.

Personnel evacuation:

Call the surrounding personnel to evacuate to a safe area (windward) to avoid inhaling toxic smoke.

If the fire spreads to the cable trench or adjacent equipment, it is necessary to evacuate quickly and start the fire emergency plan.

2. What to do when the fire is out of control

Call the fire alarm: call 119 immediately to explain the fire location, burning substances (such as "electrical fire in distribution cabinet") and whether there are people trapped.

Isolate the dangerous area:

Use warning tape to block the 3-meter area around the fire site, and prohibit irrelevant personnel from entering.

If high-voltage equipment is involved, it is necessary to expand the isolation range to more than 5 meters, and set up special personnel to guard against it.

Cooperate with fire rescue:

Inform firemen of the location of power supply and whether it has been cut off, and guide them to use fire hose (after the power is cut off) or special fire extinguishing equipment.

After the fire is put out, the equipment shall be tested for insulation to confirm that there is no risk of leakage before maintenance.

Third, the abnormal situation caused by equipment failure

1. Components explode or smoke.

Emergency power failure: immediately press the emergency stop button of the distribution cabinet or disconnect the superior circuit breaker to prevent the fault from expanding.

Reason for investigation:

After waiting for the equipment to cool down (at least 30 minutes), open the cupboard door by professionals to check whether it is caused by short circuit, overload or aging of components.

Focus on checking easily-heated components such as circuit breakers, contactors and capacitors, and record the model and location of damaged components.

Replacement and testing:

After replacing components of the same specification, conduct insulation resistance test (≥0.5MΩ) first, and then conduct no-load trial operation, and resume power supply after confirming that there is no abnormality.

2. Misoperation leads to system abnormality (such as non-fire power supply being cut off by mistake).

Immediately restore the important load:

If the power supply of emergency lighting and fire-fighting equipment is switched off by mistake, it is necessary to switch it on manually and restore power supply quickly after confirming safety.

Check whether the secondary circuit wiring is wrong and recheck the design drawings to avoid misoperation again.

Program reset and test:

When it comes to PLC or intelligent control system, it is necessary to back up the program, restart the controller, and gradually test each functional module (such as linkage logic and signal feedback).

Four, personal injury or poisoning (such as inhalation of toxic gases produced by arc)

1. Inhale harmful gases

Transfer to fresh air: quickly take the injured person to a well-ventilated area, untie the neckline and belt, and keep breathing smoothly.

Observe symptoms:

If you have cough, dizziness and nausea, you need to lie still and rest, and take oxygen if necessary (use the spare oxygen bottle on site).

If you have difficulty breathing or are unconscious, give artificial respiration immediately and call 120.

2. Burn treatment

Mild burns: rinse the wound with flowing water for more than 15 minutes, apply scald ointment and wrap it with sterile gauze.

Severe burns: avoid puncturing blisters, cover the wound with clean sterile dressing, and do not apply ointment or folk prescription. Send to the doctor immediately.

V. Emergency response to group accidents or major risks

1. Start the emergency plan

The person in charge of the site should immediately report to the safety management department of the enterprise, explaining the accident type, casualties and the scope of influence.

If multiple people are involved in electric shock or large-scale fire, it is necessary to start enterprise-level emergency response and allocate relief materials (such as stretchers and fire pumps).

2. Evacuation and alert

Organize personnel to evacuate according to the pre-planned escape route, set up warning posts at the entrance and exit, and prohibit non-rescuers from entering.

Count the number of people on site, confirm whether there are people trapped, and cooperate with the rescue team to carry out search and rescue.

3. Late rectification and training

After the accident is handled, conduct a comprehensive safety inspection of all debugging equipment and rectify hidden dangers (such as replacing aging lines and installing reinforcement components).

Organize safety training for all staff, analyze the cause of the accident, strengthen the safety operation norms, and avoid the recurrence of similar incidents.

Six, emergency supplies and communication support

1. List of necessary emergency materials

Material type, specific use of goods

First aid equipment First aid kit (including band-aid, gauze, scald ointment, etc.) to deal with minor injuries.

Oxygen cylinders and cardio-pulmonary resuscitators (AED) should be used to deal with dyspnea and cardiac arrest.

Fire extinguishing equipment: dry powder fire extinguishers and carbon dioxide fire extinguishers to extinguish electrical fires.

Insulation protection Protection of insulating gloves, boots and pads during electric shock rescue.

Communication equipment, walkie-talkie and emergency telephone, on-site contact and external communication.

Warning signs warning tape, warning signs ("No Closing", etc.) isolate the dangerous area.

2. Communication flow

On-site personnel → on-site person in charge → safety management department → leaders in charge of enterprises → external rescue agencies (120/119).

Ensure smooth communication channels, and publicize and update the contact information of key personnel in advance.